Loop of henle definition of loop of henle by medical dictionary. Function of the thick ascending limb of henles loop american. Ta the ushaped part of the nephron extending from the proximal to the distal tubules. Structure and function of the thin limbs of the loop of henle. Apr 12, 2020 descending limb of the loop of henle last updated on sun, 12 apr 2020 human physiology the deeper regions of the medulla, around the tips of the loops of juxtamedullary nephrons, reach a concentration of 1,200 to 1,400 mosm. Loop of henle definition of loop of henle by the free. The concentrated urine then continues up through the ascending loop where salts are leeched from the solution. The thick ascending limb tal of henle s loop is a crucial segment.
Epithelia of thin segments of henle s loop generally, we can divide nephrons into two groups. Its main function is to reabsorb water and sodium chloride from the filtrate. The loop of henle is supplied by two vasa recta which are straight vessels closely accompanying the tubules hairpinshaped course. No water will be reabsorbed here in the ascending limb, and because of this, we have a very beautiful system that occurs as a result. Loop of henle, long, ushaped portion of the tubule that conducts urine within each nephron q. Ion transport is different in each of these segments. The loop of henle has a thin descending limb, a thick ascending limb and a thin ascending limb. Henles loop definition and meaning collins english dictionary. This is called countercurrent multiplication, countercurrent multiplication, which is also, ill admit, a mouthful, but it completely makes sense, i promise. The thick ascending loop of henle is a major resorptive segment of the nephron and accounts for resorption of nearly a quarter of the filtered load of sodium, chloride, and potassium ions. Abstract the thin limbs of the loop of henle, which comprise the intermediate segment, connect the proximal tubule to the distal tubule and lie. Thus in the descending limb water is reabsorbed by osmosis. Function of the thick ascending limb of henles loop. The loop of henle is found in the medulla of the kidney.
The kidneys of reptiles do not have loops of henle and so they are unable to produce concentrated urine also, whilst a large bladder is present in chelonians turtles snakes and some lizards do not have a bladder at all. Many answers were focussed on the collecting duct rather than on the loop of henle, and several answers listed general functions of the kidney rather than those of the loop of henle. The thin limbs of the loop of henle, which comprise the intermediate segment, connect the proximal tubule to the distal tubule and lie entirely within the renal medulla. Physiology the ascending pathway, descending pain pathway and the substantia gelatinosa duration. Within the nephron of the kidney, the descending limb of loop of henle is the portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of henle. The loop of henle is a part of a nephron, a tiny tube inside the kidneys that filters solutes. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. While it has been generally accepted that active nacl transport in the thick ascending limb of henles loop plays the most fundamental role in the operation of. Apr 28, 2017 a concise lesson presentation 18 slides that looks at the loop of henle within the kidney and enables students to understand how water is reabsorbed from this structure of the nephron. Each kidney contains hundreds of thousands of individual nephrons, which pass between the cortex of the kidneys and the medulla, connecting to collecting ducts which route urine to the ureter so that it can be expressed. Loop of henle definition of loop of henle by merriamwebster. Reabsorption and secretion along the loop of henle anatomy. The loop of henle encompasses the thin descending limb, the thin ascending limb, and the tal.
Oct 15, 2009 the important nephrological unit to be understood. Pdf the loop of henle as the milestone of mammalian kindey. The physiology of the loop of henle request pdf researchgate. Function of thin loops of henle kidney international. Request pdf the physiology of the loop of henle this chapter reports the morphology and function of the thick ascending limb tal of the loop of henle a.
A ushaped segment of the nephron in a vertebrate kidney that functions in water resorption. The descending limb of the loop is permeable to water but not nutrients, while the ascending limb is permeable to nutrients but not water. Shortlooped nephrons that originate from superficial and midcortical nephrons have a short descending limb within the inner stripe of the outer medulla. Diabetes mellitus results from either a deficiency in insulin production type i or an impaired tissue response to insulin. Countercurrent multiplication in the kidney video khan. Henle and the loops is a funk and soul band formed in 2004 for the purpose of assisting charitable organizations in fundraising efforts. Henle and the loops made its first public appearance in august 2004 at the firstannual boonestock music festival. Overview of renal function anatomyfunction of the kidney. Feb 27, 2019 the loop of henle is supplied by two vasa recta which are straight vessels closely accompanying the tubules hairpinshaped course. These carry blood in opposite directions, just like the. Besides, loop of henle is also divided into thick and thin segments. Through the countercurrent multiplier effect, a hypertonic medulla is created allowing reabsorption of water from the collecting duct and the descending limb via osmosis.
The loop of henle contributes to the absorption of approximately 25% of filtered sodium and can be targeted by diuretic therapy. The nephron simple structure and function of kidney. In desert animals, like the kangaroo mouse, both these sections of the loops of henle are longer, providing greater surface area by which more water and salt can be removed from the urine as it passes through the lops. In the kidney, the loop of henle or henle s loop, henle loop, nephron loop or its latin counterpart ansa nephroni is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. Henles loop in an attempt to seek the possibility of generating a new idea for the countercurrent multiplication system without active solute transport. The urea from the collecting duct enters the medullary interstial fluid and diffuses into the loop of henle. The importance of the thick ascending limb of henles loop. The loop of henle carries filtrate from the proximal tubule to the renal medulla and back to the renal cortex. Appearing with four other bands, henle and the loops helped raise funds for the kids first foundation. The loop of henle has a hairpin configuration with a thin descending limb and both a thin and thick ascending limb. The ascending limb drains urine into the distal convoluted tubule. The loop of henle carries filtrate from the proximal tubule to the renal medulla.
The filtrate also gets diluted along the thick ascending limb tal of this segment, since it is. Henle loop definition of henle loop by medical dictionary. Marked inter and intranephron heterogeneities are noted in the descending limb of henle in some rodents, including mice 25, rats 24, 26, 32. As it passes back up the ascending limb of the loop of henle and reabsorption of other ions occurs the urea becomes even more concentrated. The principal function of the loop of henle appears to be the recovery of water and sodium chloride from the urine. Named after its discoverer, the german anatomist friedrich gustav jakob henle, the loop of henle s main function is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the.
Loop of henle definition is the ushaped part of the nephron of birds and mammals that lies between and is continuous with the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and that functions in water resorption. The loop of henle, distal tubule and collecting duct. The rst description of renal tubule is attributed to the italian. Since that time the band has performed in many venues for a number of worthy charities in central indiana. Descending limb of the loop of henle human physiology. In addition, henle s thick segment is a major location of magnesium and calcium ion resorption. Thick ascending loop of henle transport pathway medicine. Its function is to reabsorb water and important nutrients in the filtrate. Named after its discoverer, the german anatomist friedrich gustav jakob henle, the loop of henle s main function is to create a concentration. Physiological role of the loop of henle in urinary concentration. All mammals produce primarily urea sometime ammonia which is excreted in urine.
Descending limb of loop of henle scheme of renal tubule and its vascular supply. The loop of henle is involved in reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions from the filtrate. Its primary function is reabsorption of nacl and water. The counter current multiplier is in the ascending loop of henle. The loop of henle is located in a nephron, the functional unit of a kidney. The loop of henle establishes medullary hyperosmolarity the ascending limb of the loop of henle transports solutes nacl out of the tubule lumen with little or no water, generating an hyperosmotic medullary interstitium and delivering an hyposmotic tubule fluid to the distal tubule. The loop of henle is a section of nephron tubules of the kidneys located between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules for the function of absorbing water and controlling solute concentration. The ascending limb of the loop of henle is probably the easiest if not the most obvious place to begin understanding how the loop of henle creates the osmotic gradient down the medulla that is so crucial to producing concentrated urine. Many candidates did not mention or were unable to explain the role of the vasa recta in the physiological mechanisms of concentration. The ushaped nephron loop is divided into two portions. Laboratory of kidney and electrolyte metabolism, national. Named after its discoverer, the german anatomist friedrich gustav jakob henle. The lesson begins by ensuring that students know the terminology associated with this topic and that there are two limbs descending and ascending. The importance of the thick ascending limb of henle s loop in renal physiology and pathophysiology miriam zacchia, giovanna capolongo, luca rinaldi, giovambattista capasso division of nephrology, department of cardiothoracic and respiratory sciences, universita della campania luigi vanvitelli, naples, italy abstract.
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